A detailed depiction of shearers at work in a New South Wales shearing shed, capturing the physical labour of the Australian wool industry in 1894.

The Golden Fleece depicts the interior of a shearing shed at Newstead Station, near Inverell in New South Wales. Tom Roberts, a central figure of the Heidelberg School, travelled to the station in 1894 to observe the shearing process firsthand. He spent several weeks sketching the workers and the environment to ensure the accuracy of his portrayal.

The composition is organised around the rhythmic, repetitive actions of the shearers. Each man is captured in a distinct stage of the process, from the initial removal of the wool to the final sorting. The shed is bathed in a warm, golden light that filters through the open sides, illuminating the dust motes and the texture of the fleece. Roberts uses a palette dominated by earthy browns, ochres, and muted creams, which reflects the dusty, utilitarian nature of the shearing shed.

This work documents a specific period in Australian economic history, focusing on the wool industry that drove much of the nation's development during the late nineteenth century. Roberts avoids romanticising the labour, choosing instead to present the physical exertion and the concentration required by the shearers. The figures are rendered with a focus on anatomical realism and the weight of their movements. The open structure of the shed allows for a view into the surrounding paddocks, providing a sense of the vastness of the Australian interior. The painting remains a primary example of the artist's interest in capturing the realities of work and the character of the Australian environment.