A seventeenth-century portrait etching of the French diplomat Claude de Mesmes by the Dutch printmaker Pieter Nolpe.

This portrait by the Dutch printmaker Pieter Nolpe depicts Claude de Mesmes, Comte d'Avaux, a French diplomat known for his role in the negotiations of the Peace of Westphalia. Nolpe, active in Amsterdam during the mid-seventeenth century, utilised a combination of etching and engraving techniques to capture the likeness of the subject. The print displays the characteristic precision of the period, with fine cross-hatching used to model the facial features and the texture of the hair. The subject is presented in a bust-length format, wearing a simple collar and doublet, which reflects the sober fashion favoured by the European elite of the era.

The lower portion of the print features an extensive Latin inscription, which identifies the sitter and lists his various titles and diplomatic responsibilities. This inclusion of text is a common feature in seventeenth-century portrait prints, serving to inform the viewer of the subject's status and political standing. The background consists of a dense grid of horizontal and vertical lines, a technique that provides a neutral setting for the figure while adding a sense of depth and texture to the composition.

Nolpe was a prolific printmaker who produced numerous portraits of contemporary figures, often collaborating with other publishers such as Rombout van den Hoeje, whose name appears at the bottom of this plate. The work provides a clear example of the technical skill required for portraiture in the Dutch Golden Age, where the clarity of line and the ability to render individual character were highly valued. This print offers a glimpse into the visual culture of European diplomacy during the mid-seventeenth century, documenting the appearance of a man who participated in the political events that reshaped the continent.