A portrait by Edouard Manet featuring his model Victorine Meurent dressed in traditional bullfighter attire, painted in 1862.

Edouard Manet painted Mademoiselle V. . . in the Costume of an Espada in 1862. The work depicts a woman, identified as Victorine Meurent, dressed in the traditional attire of a male bullfighter. Meurent was a frequent model for Manet, appearing in several of his most discussed compositions. She stands in the foreground, holding a sword and a pink muleta, while the background features a bullring scene with a horse and rider. Manet drew inspiration from Spanish art, particularly the works of Velázquez and Goya. This interest in Spanish culture was common among French artists of the period. The painting displays Manet's characteristic approach to figure placement and lighting. He often flattened the pictorial space, which drew criticism from contemporary observers accustomed to traditional academic depth. The figure of the woman is rendered with a directness that avoids idealisation. Her gaze meets the viewer, creating a sense of immediate presence. The background elements appear somewhat disconnected from the foreground figure, a technique Manet employed to focus attention on the subject. The muted tones of the arena floor contrast with the dark clothing of the model and the soft pink of the fabric she holds. This composition reflects Manet's interest in theatricality and the performative nature of gender roles. By placing a woman in the costume of an espada, he subverts traditional expectations of the period. The painting remains a study of the artist's technical development and his engagement with the cultural tropes of his time.