A classical mythological scene by Nicolas Poussin, depicting King Midas washing away his golden touch in the river Pactolus.

Nicolas Poussin painted this work during his early years in Rome, a period marked by his engagement with the classical themes of Ovid. The scene depicts King Midas, who, having been granted the golden touch by Dionysus, finds himself burdened by the curse. He seeks relief by washing in the river Pactolus, an act that transfers his transformative power to the riverbed, explaining the presence of gold in its sands according to ancient mythology.

The composition is structured around the reclining figure of Midas, whose posture suggests both exhaustion and relief. Poussin employs a muted palette, typical of his early Roman works, which allows the focus to remain on the interplay of light and shadow across the figures. The presence of the river god and the small putti adds a sense of classical narrative, grounding the mythological event within a natural setting. The heavy, dark foliage and the rocky outcrop provide a sense of enclosure, drawing the viewer into the intimate moment of the king's purification.

Poussin's approach to the human form here reflects his study of antique sculpture and the works of Titian. The figures are rendered with a focus on anatomical clarity, yet they remain integrated into the atmospheric environment. The painting demonstrates his ability to balance narrative clarity with a sense of poetic mystery. By choosing this specific moment of the Midas myth, Poussin avoids the more common depictions of the king's greed, opting instead for a scene of transition and resolution. The work remains a fine example of the seventeenth-century interest in classical literature, interpreted through a lens of dramatic, yet controlled, painterly technique.