Rhinoceros - Albrecht Dürer
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Beschrijving
A classic 1515 woodcut by Albrecht Dürer depicting a rhinoceros based on written descriptions and sketches of an animal sent to Lisbon.
Albrecht Dürer created this woodcut in 1515, based on a written description and a sketch by an unknown artist of a rhinoceros that had arrived in Lisbon from India. Dürer never saw the animal himself. This lack of direct observation explains the imaginative, armour-like plates covering the creature, which resemble a suit of plate mail more than actual rhinoceros hide. The animal is depicted in profile, standing on a simple patch of ground, with the artist's monogram and the date 1515 visible in the upper right corner.
The print includes a block of German text at the top, which describes the animal as a marvel of nature. The text claims the rhinoceros is the mortal enemy of the elephant, a belief that persisted for centuries. Dürer used a variety of hatching and cross-hatching techniques to define the texture of the skin, the folds of the body, and the heavy, overlapping plates. The composition is stark and direct, focusing entirely on the form of the beast against a plain background.
Despite its anatomical inaccuracies, the image became one of the most famous depictions of an animal in European art history. It was widely reproduced and served as the primary visual reference for rhinoceroses in European natural history books for nearly three hundred years. The print demonstrates Dürer's ability to translate complex textures into the medium of woodcut, using line weight and density to create a sense of volume and physical presence. This work remains a classic example of how early modern artists engaged with reports of exotic creatures from distant lands, blending empirical curiosity with artistic invention.
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Elke print wordt op bestelling gemaakt met 12-kleuren giclée-druk op FSC-gecertificeerd archiefpapier. Ontworpen in Groot-Brittannië en gedrukt in het dichtstbijzijnde productiecentrum om verspilling tegen te gaan en de levering te versnellen.
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Giclée van museumkwaliteit op FSC-gecertificeerd archiefbestendig mat papier, met opties voor inlijsting en canvas.
- Papierformaten: A4, A3, A2, A1, A0 en B2 (50×70 cm)
- Canvas: XS (20×30 cm) tot Large (60×90 cm)
- Lijsten: zwart, naturel hout, donker hout of wit
Rhinoceros - Albrecht Dürer
Artist Biography
Albrecht Durer
He was born in Nuremberg, the son of a Hungarian goldsmith. He trained as a goldsmith himself before apprenticing with the painter and printmaker Michael Wolgemut. The metalwork training gave him the manual precision that made his prints extraordinary. Melencolia I, Knight, Death and the Devil, and Saint Jerome in His Study, all made between 1513 and 1514, are among the finest engravings ever produced. The density of cross-hatching, the control of tonal gradation, the rendering of fur, feathers, and stone: these are virtuoso performances in a medium that most artists treated as reproductive.
He drew a rhinoceros from a description and a sketch sent by letter. He had never seen one. Dürer's Rhinoceros (1515) is anatomically wrong in several respects (the animal has an extra horn and armour plating) but it remained the standard European image of a rhinoceros for three centuries.
He was one of the first artists to paint self-portraits as a primary subject. The Self-Portrait at Twenty-Eight (1500) shows him facing the viewer directly, with long hair and a fur coat, in a pose traditionally reserved for Christ. It was either an act of supreme confidence or deliberate blasphemy. Probably both.
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